Code: 8
Only variables should be passed by reference
File: /server/mlp/shiro/src/shiro/views/ViewFunctions.php on line 481
shiro\views\ViewFunctions::printProperty() in file /server/mlp/app/views/mlp/default_item.php on line 379
include() in file /server/mlp/shiro/src/shiro/navigation/domain/View.php on line 248
shiro\navigation\domain\View->render() in file /server/mlp/shiro/src/shiro/interface/entities/Handler.php on line 194
shiro\interface\entities\Handler->_loadView() in file /server/mlp/shiro/src/shiro/interface/entities/TransitionHandler.php on line 450
shiro\interface\entities\TransitionHandler->_loadModeView() in file /server/mlp/shiro/src/shiro/interface/entities/TransitionHandler.php on line 588
shiro\interface\entities\TransitionHandler->contentItem() in file /server/mlp/shiro/src/shiro/interface/entities/TransitionHandler.php on line 227
shiro\interface\entities\TransitionHandler->content()
call_user_func() in file /server/mlp/shiro/src/shiro/navigation/services/OperationServices.php on line 51
shiro\navigation\services\OperationServices::run() in file /server/mlp/shiro/src/shiro/navigation/services/OperationServices.php on line 18
shiro\navigation\services\OperationServices::runFromDto() in file /server/mlp/shiro/src/shiro/navigation/services/RouteServices.php on line 279
shiro\navigation\services\RouteServices::run() in file /server/mlp/shiro/core/Shiro.php on line 267
Shiro->_executeUi() in file /server/mlp/shiro/core/Shiro.php on line 113
Shiro->_execute() in file /server/mlp/shiro/core/Shiro.php on line 69
Shiro->__construct() in file /server/mlp/shiro/core/initialization.php on line 61
require() in file /server/mlp/html/navigation-index.php on line 7
include() in file /server/mlp/html/index.php on line 5
Code: 8
Only variables should be passed by reference
File: /server/mlp/shiro/src/shiro/views/ViewFunctions.php on line 481
shiro\views\ViewFunctions::printProperty() in file /server/mlp/app/views/mlp/default_item.php on line 379
include() in file /server/mlp/shiro/src/shiro/navigation/domain/View.php on line 248
shiro\navigation\domain\View->render() in file /server/mlp/shiro/src/shiro/interface/entities/Handler.php on line 194
shiro\interface\entities\Handler->_loadView() in file /server/mlp/shiro/src/shiro/interface/entities/TransitionHandler.php on line 450
shiro\interface\entities\TransitionHandler->_loadModeView() in file /server/mlp/shiro/src/shiro/interface/entities/TransitionHandler.php on line 588
shiro\interface\entities\TransitionHandler->contentItem() in file /server/mlp/shiro/src/shiro/interface/entities/TransitionHandler.php on line 227
shiro\interface\entities\TransitionHandler->content()
call_user_func() in file /server/mlp/shiro/src/shiro/navigation/services/OperationServices.php on line 51
shiro\navigation\services\OperationServices::run() in file /server/mlp/shiro/src/shiro/navigation/services/OperationServices.php on line 18
shiro\navigation\services\OperationServices::runFromDto() in file /server/mlp/shiro/src/shiro/navigation/services/RouteServices.php on line 279
shiro\navigation\services\RouteServices::run() in file /server/mlp/shiro/core/Shiro.php on line 267
Shiro->_executeUi() in file /server/mlp/shiro/core/Shiro.php on line 113
Shiro->_execute() in file /server/mlp/shiro/core/Shiro.php on line 69
Shiro->__construct() in file /server/mlp/shiro/core/initialization.php on line 61
require() in file /server/mlp/html/navigation-index.php on line 7
include() in file /server/mlp/html/index.php on line 5
O vídeo é uma entrevista com diversos intelectuais, artistas, pesquisadores e professoras especialistas da língua portuguesa. Dentre os assuntos, elas falam sobre os termos e palavras que são usados muitas vezes como forma ofensiva e como isso reflete os valores da própria cultura e das relações sociais.
Se eu vou dar uma palestra e tô me dirigindo a uma plateia que tenha homens e mulheres, tradicionalmente, eu começaria com um bom dia a todos. As razões desse plural de gênero misto ser masculino, elas são controversas. Há linguistas que dizem que isso obedece apenas a uma evolução fonética da língua, que não tem nenhuma relação com o campo da teoria dos gêneros. Ok. Ainda assim, eu acho que esse caso do plural de gênero masculino é um caso que, na prática cotidiana da língua, acaba naturalizando uma espécie assim, de submissão do feminino ao masculino. Parece que o masculino é o universal. Ora, esse é um dos atributos que deve-se desconstruir na relação entre gêneros, como se o masculino fosse a regra, o neutro, o universal, e o feminino tivesse um conjunto de atributos. A mulher é uma coisa concreta, o homem é o universal, o neutro. Então, essa prática do plural de gênero masculino, ela reforça isso. Eu acho, portanto, justo e pertinente as tentativas de desconstruir isso.
Não, eu resolvo quando é possível, não é? Tem coisas que são... Você vê que é engraçado, né? Presidente é para os dois gêneros. Não existe presidento e presidenta, só existe presidente. Então, é simples, a língua já resolve, a regra da língua resolve. Quando é poeta e poetisa, diferencia o gênero, aí eles não querem, aí querem uma coisa só. Quando é presidente, que é uma coisa só, aí quer diferenciar, quer que tenha a “presidenta”, né? Você vê que não tem coerência nenhuma, né? [música ao fundo] Amara Moira, escritora e professora de Literatura Para mim, é um erro acreditar que “todes” seria uma forma de respeitar pessoas não binárias ou pessoas trans. Todes, para mim, é mais uma tentativa, é uma experiência, um experimento linguístico pra gente romper com o sexismo do nosso uso cotidiano do português. A gente assume que o português é uma língua machista mesmo, a gente sempre marca o masculino como plural, ou então o homem como a humanidade, mas a gente não se dá conta que a língua tá em constante transformação e depende muito de o que a gente quer transformar. Existe uma vontade de transformar algumas coisas que pode criar novos usos e permitir que, no futuro, a língua não seja tão sexista como ela é hoje.
Esse é um exemplo que eu acho pertinente. Há outros que eu acho impertinentes, sei lá, trocar “esclarecer” por “negritar”. Por que eu acho impertinente? Porque eu acho que a palavra esclarecer, quando a gente usa: “Vou esclarecer um problema”, a gente não está querendo dizer que a gente vai torná-lo mais claro no sentido do fenótipo, da cor da pele. A gente tá se reportando a um fenômeno óptico. Pra que a gente enxergue qualquer objeto, é preciso que tenha mais iluminação. Então, esclarecer significa mais luz e não mais claridade, que por sua vez remeteria à cor da pele.
Até o verbo “denegrir”, o verbo “denegrir” é muito interessante. Porque aí o “denegrir” está usando a cor preta para significar que você está diminuindo, mas ao mesmo tempo não tem nada a ver com raça. Não tem nada a ver com raça. Quando você fala assim: “Ih, a coisa tá preta”, é sinal de que esse preto é sinônimo de escuridão mesmo. Escuridão é como um obscurantismo, é uma coisa negativa. Você não consegue enxergar nada no escuro. Então realmente a questão está mais na falta de luz, e não tem nada a ver com a cor da pele. Eu sou a favor da preservação de cada palavra do idioma. Se dependesse de mim, nenhuma palavra cairia em desuso. [música ao fundo] Por exemplo, tem umas palavras como: “asinha”. Asinha significa depressa, rapidamente. “Alhures”, “antanho”, e “nenhures” ainda, nenhures é mais bacana ainda. Nenhures é nowhere. [música ao fundo]
Eu acho que questionar, não naturalizar as coisas, é o fundamental, porque a gente acaba naturalizando muitas coisas. E acho que, nas redes, a gente começa a questionar, muitas vezes, verdades que são tidas como absolutas. A gente começa a questionar coisas que são colocadas, parece que foram providencialmente fixadas e não construídas. Acho que isso que as pessoas estão dizendo: “Não, mas isso é uma construção.” E toda tradição é inventada. “Ah, mas é uma tradição.” Mas toda tradição é inventada. Se é inventada, a gente pode inventar outra.
Code: 8
Only variables should be passed by reference
File: /server/mlp/shiro/src/shiro/views/ViewFunctions.php on line 481
shiro\views\ViewFunctions::printProperty() in file /server/mlp/app/views/mlp/default_item.php on line 379
include() in file /server/mlp/shiro/src/shiro/navigation/domain/View.php on line 248
shiro\navigation\domain\View->render() in file /server/mlp/shiro/src/shiro/interface/entities/Handler.php on line 194
shiro\interface\entities\Handler->_loadView() in file /server/mlp/shiro/src/shiro/interface/entities/TransitionHandler.php on line 450
shiro\interface\entities\TransitionHandler->_loadModeView() in file /server/mlp/shiro/src/shiro/interface/entities/TransitionHandler.php on line 588
shiro\interface\entities\TransitionHandler->contentItem() in file /server/mlp/shiro/src/shiro/interface/entities/TransitionHandler.php on line 227
shiro\interface\entities\TransitionHandler->content()
call_user_func() in file /server/mlp/shiro/src/shiro/navigation/services/OperationServices.php on line 51
shiro\navigation\services\OperationServices::run() in file /server/mlp/shiro/src/shiro/navigation/services/OperationServices.php on line 18
shiro\navigation\services\OperationServices::runFromDto() in file /server/mlp/shiro/src/shiro/navigation/services/RouteServices.php on line 279
shiro\navigation\services\RouteServices::run() in file /server/mlp/shiro/core/Shiro.php on line 267
Shiro->_executeUi() in file /server/mlp/shiro/core/Shiro.php on line 113
Shiro->_execute() in file /server/mlp/shiro/core/Shiro.php on line 69
Shiro->__construct() in file /server/mlp/shiro/core/initialization.php on line 61
require() in file /server/mlp/html/navigation-index.php on line 7
include() in file /server/mlp/html/index.php on line 5
Code: 8
Only variables should be passed by reference
File: /server/mlp/shiro/src/shiro/views/ViewFunctions.php on line 481
shiro\views\ViewFunctions::printProperty() in file /server/mlp/app/views/mlp/default_item.php on line 379
include() in file /server/mlp/shiro/src/shiro/navigation/domain/View.php on line 248
shiro\navigation\domain\View->render() in file /server/mlp/shiro/src/shiro/interface/entities/Handler.php on line 194
shiro\interface\entities\Handler->_loadView() in file /server/mlp/shiro/src/shiro/interface/entities/TransitionHandler.php on line 450
shiro\interface\entities\TransitionHandler->_loadModeView() in file /server/mlp/shiro/src/shiro/interface/entities/TransitionHandler.php on line 588
shiro\interface\entities\TransitionHandler->contentItem() in file /server/mlp/shiro/src/shiro/interface/entities/TransitionHandler.php on line 227
shiro\interface\entities\TransitionHandler->content()
call_user_func() in file /server/mlp/shiro/src/shiro/navigation/services/OperationServices.php on line 51
shiro\navigation\services\OperationServices::run() in file /server/mlp/shiro/src/shiro/navigation/services/OperationServices.php on line 18
shiro\navigation\services\OperationServices::runFromDto() in file /server/mlp/shiro/src/shiro/navigation/services/RouteServices.php on line 279
shiro\navigation\services\RouteServices::run() in file /server/mlp/shiro/core/Shiro.php on line 267
Shiro->_executeUi() in file /server/mlp/shiro/core/Shiro.php on line 113
Shiro->_execute() in file /server/mlp/shiro/core/Shiro.php on line 69
Shiro->__construct() in file /server/mlp/shiro/core/initialization.php on line 61
require() in file /server/mlp/html/navigation-index.php on line 7
include() in file /server/mlp/html/index.php on line 5
Code: 8
Only variables should be passed by reference
File: /server/mlp/shiro/src/shiro/views/ViewFunctions.php on line 481
shiro\views\ViewFunctions::printProperty() in file /server/mlp/app/views/mlp/default_item.php on line 379
include() in file /server/mlp/shiro/src/shiro/navigation/domain/View.php on line 248
shiro\navigation\domain\View->render() in file /server/mlp/shiro/src/shiro/interface/entities/Handler.php on line 194
shiro\interface\entities\Handler->_loadView() in file /server/mlp/shiro/src/shiro/interface/entities/TransitionHandler.php on line 450
shiro\interface\entities\TransitionHandler->_loadModeView() in file /server/mlp/shiro/src/shiro/interface/entities/TransitionHandler.php on line 588
shiro\interface\entities\TransitionHandler->contentItem() in file /server/mlp/shiro/src/shiro/interface/entities/TransitionHandler.php on line 227
shiro\interface\entities\TransitionHandler->content()
call_user_func() in file /server/mlp/shiro/src/shiro/navigation/services/OperationServices.php on line 51
shiro\navigation\services\OperationServices::run() in file /server/mlp/shiro/src/shiro/navigation/services/OperationServices.php on line 18
shiro\navigation\services\OperationServices::runFromDto() in file /server/mlp/shiro/src/shiro/navigation/services/RouteServices.php on line 279
shiro\navigation\services\RouteServices::run() in file /server/mlp/shiro/core/Shiro.php on line 267
Shiro->_executeUi() in file /server/mlp/shiro/core/Shiro.php on line 113
Shiro->_execute() in file /server/mlp/shiro/core/Shiro.php on line 69
Shiro->__construct() in file /server/mlp/shiro/core/initialization.php on line 61
require() in file /server/mlp/html/navigation-index.php on line 7
include() in file /server/mlp/html/index.php on line 5
Code: 8
Only variables should be passed by reference
File: /server/mlp/shiro/src/shiro/views/ViewFunctions.php on line 481
shiro\views\ViewFunctions::printProperty() in file /server/mlp/app/views/mlp/default_item.php on line 379
include() in file /server/mlp/shiro/src/shiro/navigation/domain/View.php on line 248
shiro\navigation\domain\View->render() in file /server/mlp/shiro/src/shiro/interface/entities/Handler.php on line 194
shiro\interface\entities\Handler->_loadView() in file /server/mlp/shiro/src/shiro/interface/entities/TransitionHandler.php on line 450
shiro\interface\entities\TransitionHandler->_loadModeView() in file /server/mlp/shiro/src/shiro/interface/entities/TransitionHandler.php on line 588
shiro\interface\entities\TransitionHandler->contentItem() in file /server/mlp/shiro/src/shiro/interface/entities/TransitionHandler.php on line 227
shiro\interface\entities\TransitionHandler->content()
call_user_func() in file /server/mlp/shiro/src/shiro/navigation/services/OperationServices.php on line 51
shiro\navigation\services\OperationServices::run() in file /server/mlp/shiro/src/shiro/navigation/services/OperationServices.php on line 18
shiro\navigation\services\OperationServices::runFromDto() in file /server/mlp/shiro/src/shiro/navigation/services/RouteServices.php on line 279
shiro\navigation\services\RouteServices::run() in file /server/mlp/shiro/core/Shiro.php on line 267
Shiro->_executeUi() in file /server/mlp/shiro/core/Shiro.php on line 113
Shiro->_execute() in file /server/mlp/shiro/core/Shiro.php on line 69
Shiro->__construct() in file /server/mlp/shiro/core/initialization.php on line 61
require() in file /server/mlp/html/navigation-index.php on line 7
include() in file /server/mlp/html/index.php on line 5
Code: 8
Only variables should be passed by reference
File: /server/mlp/shiro/src/shiro/views/ViewFunctions.php on line 481
shiro\views\ViewFunctions::printProperty() in file /server/mlp/app/views/mlp/default_item.php on line 379
include() in file /server/mlp/shiro/src/shiro/navigation/domain/View.php on line 248
shiro\navigation\domain\View->render() in file /server/mlp/shiro/src/shiro/interface/entities/Handler.php on line 194
shiro\interface\entities\Handler->_loadView() in file /server/mlp/shiro/src/shiro/interface/entities/TransitionHandler.php on line 450
shiro\interface\entities\TransitionHandler->_loadModeView() in file /server/mlp/shiro/src/shiro/interface/entities/TransitionHandler.php on line 588
shiro\interface\entities\TransitionHandler->contentItem() in file /server/mlp/shiro/src/shiro/interface/entities/TransitionHandler.php on line 227
shiro\interface\entities\TransitionHandler->content()
call_user_func() in file /server/mlp/shiro/src/shiro/navigation/services/OperationServices.php on line 51
shiro\navigation\services\OperationServices::run() in file /server/mlp/shiro/src/shiro/navigation/services/OperationServices.php on line 18
shiro\navigation\services\OperationServices::runFromDto() in file /server/mlp/shiro/src/shiro/navigation/services/RouteServices.php on line 279
shiro\navigation\services\RouteServices::run() in file /server/mlp/shiro/core/Shiro.php on line 267
Shiro->_executeUi() in file /server/mlp/shiro/core/Shiro.php on line 113
Shiro->_execute() in file /server/mlp/shiro/core/Shiro.php on line 69
Shiro->__construct() in file /server/mlp/shiro/core/initialization.php on line 61
require() in file /server/mlp/html/navigation-index.php on line 7
include() in file /server/mlp/html/index.php on line 5
The Museum of the Portuguese Language collection available on this platform is for consultation purposes only. Any other use is expressly prohibited. Users are responsible for respecting the copyright, personality, and related rights of the works presented. The total or partial reproduction of original works or their copies, by any means and for any purpose, is prohibited, as established by Brazilian Law No. 9,610 of February 19, 1998. To request permission to reproduce any work—original or copy—please contact the Reference Center by email at: centrodereferencia@mlp.org.br.